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  • An English Absolutism?

      Classic Pamphlet
    The term 'Absolutism' was coined in France in the 1790s, but the concept which described it was familiar to many Englishmen in the late seventeenth century. They talked of 'absolute monarchy', 'tyranny', 'despotism' and above all 'arbitrary government'. Their use of such terns were pejorative: they described political regimes of...
    An English Absolutism?

  • English Puritanism

      Classic Pamphlet
    When the modern world was christened Puritanism appeared as a bad fairy and bestowed upon it certain dubious gifts: capitalism, democracy, America. This is a fairy story, but like all fairy stories it contains a small grain of truth. But what was Puritanism? Already in the seventeenth century a critic...
    English Puritanism

  • The 'Era of the Dictators' Reconsidered

      Article
    Kenneth Thomson reflects on major aspects of the ‘era of the dictators’ after the collapse of Soviet Communism and its satellite regimes. In 1939, on the eve of the Second World War, almost the whole of continental Europe was ruled by dictatorships of various political hues. Even countries, like France,...
    The 'Era of the Dictators' Reconsidered

  • Kilpeck Church: a window on medieval 'mentalite'

      Historian article
    In the village of Kilpeck, about eight miles south-west of Hereford, may be found the small parish church of St Mary and St David, justifiably described by Pevsner as ‘one of the most perfect Norman village churches in England’ (Pevsner 1963, 201). Seemingly remote today, in the twelfth century the...
    Kilpeck Church: a window on medieval 'mentalite'

  • Elizabeth I: ‘less than a woman’?

      Historian article
    Tracy Borman examines the femininity of the Virgin Queen. Elizabeth I is often hailed as a feminist icon. Despite being the younger, forgotten daughter of Henry VIII with little hope of ever inheriting the throne, she became his longest-reigning and most successful heir by a country mile. In an age when...
    Elizabeth I: ‘less than a woman’?

  • Gladstone and the London May Day Demonstrators, 1890

      Historian article
    One hundred and twenty years ago the advent of the first red May Days caused major concern across Europe. To general surprise, in 1890 and the next few years some of the largest rallies occurred in London. In Britain the main demonstration on the nearest Sunday to May Day passed...
    Gladstone and the London May Day Demonstrators, 1890

  • King Charles II

      Classic Pamphlet
    The conclusions of historians change over the years, not only as a result of the discovery of new evidence, but as a result of the changing times in which historians themselves live and work. We have become familiar with the notion that each generation of historians may have its own...
    King Charles II

  • Film series: Power and Freedom in Britain and Ireland, 1714–2010

      New HA film series
    From royal courts to radical protests, from industrial revolutions to global empires – this compelling new film series traces the dramatic evolution of power, rights, and freedom across three centuries of British and Irish history. We will trace Britain and Ireland’s transformation from 1714 to 2010, unpacking power struggles, social revolutions, and...
    Film series: Power and Freedom in Britain and Ireland, 1714–2010

  • The Voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot

      Classic Pamphlet
    Historians have debated the voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot who first discovered North America under the reign of Henry VII. The primary question was who [John or Sebastian] was responsible for the successful discovery. A 1516 account stated Sebastian Cabot sailed from Bristol  to Cathay, in the service of...
    The Voyages of John and Sebastian Cabot

  • An Example of History at University

      Student Guides
    An Example of History at University.Nottingham University has a History School which was established  before the First World War. Its past distinguished scholars include Professor JD Chambers, Professor AW ('Bob') Coats, Professor Jim Holt and Professor Michael Jones. The  School currently has 27 academic staff, with particular strengths in British, German, French,...
    An Example of History at University

  • Photography in Korea, The Hermit Kingdom

      Article
    Terry Bennett provides an introduction to the earliest surviving photographs of Korea. It is, on the face of it, remarkable how late it was before the camera ventured into Korea. If we accept that photography effectively began with Louis Daguerre’s invention in 1839, it was a full 32 years later,...
    Photography in Korea, The Hermit Kingdom

  • The Knights Templars

      Article
    Professor Malcolm Barber explores the rise and fall of the Knights Templars. "The master of the Temple was a good knight and stout-hearted, but he mistreated all other people as he was too overweening. He would not place any credence in the advice of the master of the Hospital, Brother...
    The Knights Templars

  • Film: Lenin and the Russian Civil War

      Film Series: Power and authority in Russia and the Soviet Union
    Revolution is never simple. Lenin and the Bolsheviks quickly found that not everyone in Russia or outside of it approved of their new radical agenda. Russia was plunged into a civil war of devastating circumstances. How would its new leader manage and how much were the needs of the people...
    Film: Lenin and the Russian Civil War

  • Film: Lenin's legacy

      Film Series: Power and authority in Russia and the Soviet Union
    With his body was embalmed and building high statues were erected to him Lenin’s memory seemed secured for ever. Yet how did his memory and his actual legacy differ? Did he really set the course for a future better Russia, or were his ideas of revolution better on paper than...
    Film: Lenin's legacy

  • Film: Foreign Relations and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

      Development of Tudor Royal Authority film series
    In this film Professor Sue Doran, Jesus College, University of Oxford and Professor Steven Gunn, Merton College, University of Oxford discuss the role foreign relations played in Tudor royal authority and the amount of power Tudor monarchs were able to exercise. The film will explore common threads and differences in foreign policy...
    Film: Foreign Relations and Tudor Royal Authority – discussion

  • Historical Fiction: warts and all

      Historian article
    The perception is that, for historical fiction, this is the best of times. It has never been more popular: witness the 2012 Christmas day schedule-jostling between Downton Abbey and Call the Midwife. It has never been more literary: witness Hilary Mantel winning her second Man Booker prize for Bring Up the...
    Historical Fiction: warts and all

  • Germany 1914-1929: Discussion

      Film series: Power and authority in Germany, 1871-1991
    Professors Tim Grady and Matthew Stibbe consider changing interpretations of Germany in 1914-1929, from a negative continuum of authoritarianism culminating in Hitler's regime to a modern approach of seeing the Weimar Republic through a sociocultural lens. If you're unable to see the film below, please use the link for your Membership...
    Germany 1914-1929: Discussion

  • The commercial architecture of Victorian Liverpool

      Article
    In 1857 the Builder enthusiastically described the thriving state of architecture on the banks of the Mersey: 'The impression from a walk through the principal quarters of the town, after visiting other towns, is that more [building of a superior kind] must be doing in Liverpool than at any other...
    The commercial architecture of Victorian Liverpool

  • Queen Victoria

      Article
    A century ago Britain celebrated Queen Victoria’s diamond jubilee – her reign having provided 60 years of stability at the height of Britain’s imperial power. Dorothy Thompson profiles the woman at the heart of the Empire. More than any other British monarch, with the possible exception of her one-time model,...
    Queen Victoria

  • What is a Synoptic Essay and How Do I Write One?

      Student Guides
    This resource is free to everyone. For access to a wealth of other online resources from podcasts to articles and publications, plus support and advice though our “How To”, examination and transition to university guides and careers resources, join the Historical Association today Part of the A-Level History course now...
    What is a Synoptic Essay and How Do I Write One?

  • The nature of Charles I’s government

      Historian article
    Charlotte Brownhill explores the nature of Charles I’s government. Rather than dismissing this as a disaster, she argues that there were many positive features of his government before the outbreak of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and suggests that we should consider the difficulties caused by the complexities of...
    The nature of Charles I’s government

  • Recorded webinar: The Cult of the Duce: Mussolini and the Italians at the time of Fascism

      Article
    The Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini understood more than other leaders of his generation the power of images and used them to great effect in building his personality cult which was central to Italian Fascism. In this illustrated webinar, Professor Giuliana Pieri will explore the evolution of the iconography of...
    Recorded webinar: The Cult of the Duce: Mussolini and the Italians at the time of Fascism

  • How Sweden almost became a nuclear-armed state – and why it didn’t

      Historian article
    This article examines the conditions under which Sweden considered and subsequently pursued nuclear weapons. After failing to secure the establishment of a Scandinavian defence union, the Swedish government initially viewed nuclear arms as an effective means to safeguard the country’s neutrality. Owing to technical limitations, reassessments on the value of such...
    How Sweden almost became a nuclear-armed state – and why it didn’t

  • 20th Century Europe: A Selection of Articles

      Selected Articles
    Below follows a list of useful articles for those of you studying the 20th century. Not all of these articles will directly relate to your courses, but they will provide the context for you to understand what was going on in Europe at this time. Please also refer to separate...
    20th Century Europe: A Selection of Articles

  • Attitudes to Liberty and Enslavement: the career of James Irving, a Liverpool slave ship surgeon and captain

      Historian article
    Prior to abolition in 1807, Britain was the world’s leading slave trading nation. Of an estimated six million individuals forcibly transported from Africa in the transatlantic slave trade in the eighteenth century, almost 2.5 million (40 per cent) were carried in British vessels.2 The contemporary attitudes and assumptions which underpinned...
    Attitudes to Liberty and Enslavement: the career of James Irving, a Liverpool slave ship surgeon and captain