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  • Pedagogical framework for stimulating historical contextualisation

      Teaching History article
    'Why am I accused of being a heretic?' A pedagogical framework for stimulating historical contextualisation One of the challenges facing students who want to make sense of a source or an interpretation of the past is the need to place it in its context. Various research studies have shown that students...
    Pedagogical framework for stimulating historical contextualisation
  • Historical scholarship, archaeology and evidence in Year 7

      Teaching History article
    The stimulus for this article came from two developmental tasks that Barbara Trapani was set during the course of her initial teacher education programme: planning her first historical enquiry and bringing the work of an historian into the classroom. Trapani chose to tackle the two tasks together, using Susan Whitfield’s...
    Historical scholarship, archaeology and evidence in Year 7
  • Year 9 - Connecting past, present and future

      Teaching History article
    Possible futures: using frameworks of knowledge to help Year 9 connect past, present and future How can we help pupils integrate history into coherent ‘Big Pictures' or mental frameworks? Building on traditions of classroom research and theorising reported in earlier editions of Teaching History, Dan Nuttall reports how his department set...
    Year 9 - Connecting past, present and future
  • ‘Man, people in the past were indeed stupid’

      Teaching History journal article
    In this article, which is based on Huijgen’s PhD dissertation Balancing between the past and the present, Tim Huijgen and Paul Holthuis present the results of an experimental method of teaching 14–16-year-old students to contextualise their historical studies in a different way. In the four lessons described, students’ initial reactions...
    ‘Man, people in the past were indeed stupid’
  • Anything but brief: Year 8 students encounter the longue durée

      Article
    Inspired by The History Manifesto, Suzanne Powell describes in this article her rationale for expanding her students’ horizons by asking them to think about change, similarity and difference on a grand scale. She sets ‘big history’ into its curricular context, and shows the way in which her students could, and...
    Anything but brief: Year 8 students encounter the longue durée
  • Year 7 use oral traditions to make claims about the rise and fall of the Inka empire

      Teaching History article
    As part of her department’s effort to diversify the history curriculum, Paula Worth began a quest to research and then shape a lesson sequence around the Inkas. Her article shows how she allowed the new topic and its historiography to challenge and extend her own use of sources, particularly oral tradition....
    Year 7 use oral traditions to make claims about the rise and fall of the Inka empire
  • Building and assessing a frame of reference in the Netherlands

      Teaching History article
    Please note: this article pre-dates the 2014 National Curriculum and some content may be outdated. Concerns about our ability to equip young people with a frame of reference that they can actually use to orient themselves in time are widespread. The challenges were extensively debated within the last issue of...
    Building and assessing a frame of reference in the Netherlands
  • Creating a progression model for teaching historical perspectives in Key Stage 3

      Teaching History article
    Jacob Olivey set out to design enquiries which would enable his pupils to reconstruct, using evidence, the perspectives of people in the past. In this article he shares in detail the planning and outcomes of two enquiries: one for Year 7 and one for Year 8. Olivey offers a example...
    Creating a progression model for teaching historical perspectives in Key Stage 3
  • Raising the bar: developing meaningful historical consciousness at Key Stage 3

      Teaching History article
    Please note: this article pre-dates the 2014 National Curriculum and some content may be outdated. How can we help pupils make sense of the history that they learn so that the whole adds up to more than the sum of its parts? How can we help pupils develop and sophisticate...
    Raising the bar: developing meaningful historical consciousness at Key Stage 3
  • Nazi perpetrators in Holocaust education

      Teaching History article
    The Holocaust is often framed, in textbooks and exam syllabi, from a perpetrator perspective as a narrative of Nazi policy. We are offered a different orientation here. Interrogating and understanding the Holocaust involves understanding why the people who perpetrated the Holocaust did the things that they did. As Wolf Kaiser...
    Nazi perpetrators in Holocaust education
  • Historical reasoning in the classroom

      Teaching History article
    Historical reasoning in the classroom: What does it look like and how can we enhance it? The history education community has long recognised that historical thinking depends on the interplay between substantive knowledge about the past and the procedural, or second-order, concepts that historians use to construct, shape and give...
    Historical reasoning in the classroom
  • Using narratives and big pictures to address the challenges of a 2-year KS3 curriculum

      Teaching History article
    Faced with cutting her Key Stage 3 curriculum to two years, Natalie Kesterton and her department were determined to do more with less. Not only did they want to ensure that their pupils developed a secure, wide-ranging knowledge of British and world history, they also wanted to address deficits in pupils’...
    Using narratives and big pictures to address the challenges of a 2-year KS3 curriculum
  • New, Novice or Nervous? 167: Confidence with substantive knowledge

      Teaching History feature
    This page is for those new to the published writings of history teachers. Each problem you wrestle with, other teachers have wrestled with too...   History is a complex enterprise. In order to produce sophisticated arguments, pupils need firm foundations. One foundation is knowledge of the argumentative structures that historians...
    New, Novice or Nervous? 167: Confidence with substantive knowledge
  • Polychronicon 177: The New Deal in American history

      Teaching History feature
    Over 50 years ago I read my first serious book on American history. I can still remember the excitement of reading William E. Leuchtenburg’s Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932–1940. His description of FDR and American politics in the 1930s seemed so much more colourful and dramatic than...
    Polychronicon 177: The New Deal in American history
  • Reading? What reading?

      Journal article
    Discussions with sixth-form students about reading led Carolyn Massey and Paul Wiggin to start a sixth-formreading group. They describe here the series of themed sessions that they planned, and the student discussion and reflections that resulted. Listening to their students discuss their reading led Massey and  Wiggin to reflect on what is meant by ‘reading around’ the subject, and its role in students’ intellectual...
    Reading? What reading?
  • Inverting the telescope: investigating sources from a different perspective

      Teaching History article
    As historians, we are dependent on evidence, which comes in many varieties. Rosalind Stirzaker here introduces a project which she ran two years ago to encourage her students to think about artefacts in a different way. They have examined randomly preserved artefacts such as those of Pompeii, and sets of...
    Inverting the telescope: investigating sources from a different perspective
  • The Power of Context: using a visual source

      Teaching History article
    Drawing on her wealth of experience and expertise in using visual sources in the classroom, in this article Jane Card explores how a single painting, a portrait of Dido Elizabeth Belle Lindsay and her cousin Lady Elizabeth Murray, might form the basis for a sequence of lessons. Arguing that although highly...
    The Power of Context: using a visual source
  • New, Novice or Nervous? 157: Teaching Overview

      Teaching History feature
    Overwhelmed by overview? Bewildered by how to teach bigger pictures? Tied up in mental knots by trying to work out the difference between thematic stories, frameworks and outlines? You are not alone. Like many history teachers, you feel more confident when teaching depth studies but find yourself beating a rapid...
    New, Novice or Nervous? 157: Teaching Overview
  • Move Me On 186: trainee provides little scope for students to use their knowledge in analysis/argument

      Teaching History feature
    Move Me On is designed to build critical, informed debate about the character of teacher training, teacher education and professional development. It is also designed to offer practical help to all involved in training new history teachers. Each issue presents a situation in initial teacher education/training with an emphasis upon...
    Move Me On 186: trainee provides little scope for students to use their knowledge in analysis/argument
  • Key Concepts at Key Stage 3

      Key Concepts
    Please note: This unit was produced before the 2014 National Curriculum and therefore while much of the advice is still useful, there may be some out of date references or links. For more recent resources on key concepts, see our What's the Wisdom on series. The key concepts can be divided into three...
    Key Concepts at Key Stage 3
  • Note-making, knowledge-building and critical thinking are the same thing

      Teaching History article
    Heidi Le Cocq sets out the classic problem of the history teacher: how does she cover the content and ensure that pupils reflect and analyse at the same time? She relates this to a another problem: how do you prepare pupils well for coursework (ensuring, for example, that they adopt...
    Note-making, knowledge-building and critical thinking are the same thing
  • Modelling the discipline

      Teaching History article
    David Hibbert and Zaiba Patel decided to work together after becoming concerned that school history curricula might not enable students to interrogate popular British mythologising about World War II. Building on these pre-existing concerns, their collaboration with the historian Yasmin Khan yielded an Interpretations enquiry which asked students to consider...
    Modelling the discipline
  • Historical and interdisciplinary enquiry into the sinking of the Mary Rose

      Teaching History article
    The raising of Henry VIII’s warship, the Mary Rose, from the sea bed set in train an extraordinary programme of interdisciplinary research, relentlessly pursuing the clues to Tudor life and death provided by the remains of the ship, its cargo and crew. In this article Clare Barnes offers fascinating insights...
    Historical and interdisciplinary enquiry into the sinking of the Mary Rose
  • Evidential understanding, period knowledge and the development of literacy: a practical approach to 'layers of inference' for Key Stage 3

      Teaching History article
    Claire Riley explains how she developed and improved the ‘layers of inference' diagram-already a popular device since Hilary Cooper's work-as a way of getting pupils fascinated by challenging texts and pictures. Working with the whole ability range in Year 9 she analyses her successes and failures, offering many practical suggestions...
    Evidential understanding, period knowledge and the development of literacy: a practical approach to 'layers of inference' for Key Stage 3
  • Time for chronology? Ideas for developing chronological understanding

      Teaching History article
    The successful study of history requires many things, but few would contest that an understanding of time is one of them. Quite what we mean by ‘an understanding of time’ needs clarification, however. Chronological understanding is one feature. But it is not simply an ability to place events in order...
    Time for chronology? Ideas for developing chronological understanding